{"birds/year-round":[{"id":"northern-cardinal","name":"Northern Cardinal","scientific":"Cardinalis cardinalis","dimorphic":true,"family":"Cardinalidae (cardinals)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Northern_cardinal","idTips":"Males are brilliant red all over with a pointed crest, black face mask and thick red-orange cone-shaped bill. Females are warm buff-brown with red tinges on the wings, tail and crest.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. Pairs stay on their territories all year, and they nest from March through August.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Yards, thickets, woodland edges and parks","diet":"Seeds, especially sunflower seeds, plus fruit and insects. Parents feed their nestlings almost entirely insects.","dietShort":"Seeds, fruit and insects","facts":["Females sing too, often from the nest.","Males feed females beak-to-beak during courtship.","It is the state bird of seven U.S. states, more than any other bird.","Its red color comes from carotenoid pigments in its food."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"northern-mockingbird","name":"Northern Mockingbird","scientific":"Mimus polyglottos","family":"Mimidae (mockingbirds and thrashers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Northern_mockingbird","idTips":"Slim gray bird with a long tail. It flashes bold white wing patches and white outer tail feathers in flight.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. It sings day and night in spring, and unmated males sing the most.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Lawns, parks, suburbs and open edges","diet":"Insects in summer and berries in fall and winter, including beautyberry, yaupon and hackberry.","dietShort":"Insects and berries","facts":["It has been the state bird of Texas since 1927.","A male may learn around 200 different songs.","It mimics other birds, car alarms and frogs.","It boldly dive-bombs cats, dogs and people near its nest."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"blue-jay","name":"Blue Jay","scientific":"Cyanocitta cristata","alsoResidency":["migrant"],"family":"Corvidae (crows and jays)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Blue_jay","idTips":"Bright blue crested songbird with white underparts, a black necklace and black-barred blue wings and tail.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. Migrating flocks also pass through in spring and fall.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Neighborhoods with oaks, woodlands and parks","diet":"Acorns, nuts, seeds, insects and sometimes eggs.","dietShort":"Acorns, nuts and insects","facts":["It buries acorns and helps oak forests spread.","It often mimics the screams of Red-shouldered Hawks.","Its blue color comes from the structure of its feathers, not pigment.","It belongs to the crow family and is very intelligent."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -34b -24f -24b -23a","regional":{"31c":{"level":2}}},{"id":"carolina-wren","name":"Carolina Wren","scientific":"Thryothorus ludovicianus","family":"Troglodytidae (wrens)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Carolina_wren","idTips":"Small, round, rich rusty-brown bird with a bold white eyebrow stripe, buffy underparts and an often cocked-up tail.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, where pairs hold territories all year.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Brushy yards, thickets and wooded areas","diet":"Insects and spiders.","dietShort":"Insects and spiders","facts":["Its loud 'teakettle-teakettle-teakettle' song is very loud for a bird its size.","It nests in odd spots like flowerpots, mailboxes and boots.","Pairs stay together year-round and may mate for life.","Harsh winters can sharply reduce its numbers farther north."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"25i":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"carolina-chickadee","name":"Carolina Chickadee","scientific":"Poecile carolinensis","family":"Paridae (chickadees and titmice)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Carolina_chickadee","idTips":"Tiny, round-headed bird with a black cap and bib, white cheeks, gray back and pale buff underparts.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. In winter it leads mixed flocks with titmice, kinglets and warblers.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Woodlands, yards and parks with trees","diet":"Insects, caterpillars, seeds and berries. Caterpillars are critical for raising its young.","dietShort":"Insects, caterpillars and seeds","facts":["A pair needs thousands of caterpillars to raise one brood, which is why native trees matter.","The more 'dee' notes in its 'chick-a-dee-dee' call, the bigger the threat.","It nests in tree cavities and nest boxes.","It hides seeds to eat later."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"31c":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -25i -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"tufted-titmouse","name":"Tufted Titmouse","scientific":"Baeolophus bicolor","family":"Paridae (chickadees and titmice)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Tufted_titmouse","idTips":"Small gray songbird with a pointed crest, large black eyes, a small black forehead patch and rusty sides.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Deciduous and mixed woodlands, yards and parks","diet":"Insects, seeds, acorns and nuts.","dietShort":"Insects, seeds and acorns","facts":["Its loud song sounds like 'peter-peter-peter.'","It lines its nest with hair, sometimes plucked from living animals.","It often travels with chickadees in winter flocks.","In Central Texas it is replaced by the Black-crested Titmouse."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -34b -31c -27h -25i -24f -24b -26c -23a","regional":{"32c":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2}}},{"id":"mourning-dove","name":"Mourning Dove","scientific":"Zenaida macroura","family":"Columbidae (pigeons and doves)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Mourning_dove","idTips":"Slender, tan-brown dove with a small head, black spots on the wings and a long, pointed tail edged in white.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, with more arriving from the north in winter.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Open fields, lawns, roadsides and power lines","diet":"Almost entirely seeds, eaten from the ground.","dietShort":"Seeds","facts":["Its wings make a whistling sound on takeoff.","It is one of the most widespread birds in North America.","Its soft, sad-sounding 'coo-OO-oo-oo' call gives it its name.","Both parents feed their chicks 'crop milk.'"],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"white-winged-dove","name":"White-winged Dove","scientific":"Zenaida asiatica","family":"Columbidae (pigeons and doves)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"White-winged_dove","idTips":"Stocky gray-brown dove with a bold white stripe along the edge of the folded wing, blue bare skin around a red eye, and a squared tail with white corners.","timing":"Present year-round and very common in {place}. It spread into the city from South Texas in the late 20th century.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Neighborhoods, parks and feeders","diet":"Seeds, grain and fruit. In its desert range it also eats saguaro cactus nectar and fruit.","dietShort":"Seeds, grain and fruit","facts":["It was once mostly a South Texas bird but is now abundant in {place}.","Its call sounds like 'who cooks for you.'","Its white wing stripes flash brightly in flight.","In Arizona it is an important pollinator of saguaro cactus."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"red-bellied-woodpecker","name":"Red-bellied Woodpecker","scientific":"Melanerpes carolinus","family":"Picidae (woodpeckers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Red-bellied_woodpecker","idTips":"Medium woodpecker with a black-and-white zebra-barred back and a pale face. Males have a red cap from bill to nape. Females have red only on the nape. The faint reddish belly is hard to see.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Woodlands, parks and neighborhoods with large trees","diet":"Insects, acorns, nuts, fruit and seeds.","dietShort":"Insects, nuts and fruit","facts":["Its red belly is so faint that its name confuses many birders.","Its tongue extends about 2 inches past its bill tip and is barbed for spearing insects.","It stores food in bark crevices.","European Starlings often steal its nest holes."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -31c -24f -24b -23a"},{"id":"downy-woodpecker","name":"Downy Woodpecker","scientific":"Dryobates pubescens","family":"Picidae (woodpeckers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Downy_woodpecker","idTips":"Smallest North American woodpecker. Black-and-white checkered wings, white back stripe, short, tiny bill, and a small red patch on the back of the head in males.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Woodlands, yards and parks","diet":"Insects, beetle larvae, seeds and berries. It also visits suet feeders.","dietShort":"Insects and larvae","facts":["It is the smallest woodpecker in North America.","It looks almost identical to the larger Hairy Woodpecker, but its bill is much shorter.","It sometimes feeds on goldenrod galls to reach the larvae inside.","It often joins chickadee flocks in winter."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -31c -24f -23a"},{"id":"pileated-woodpecker","name":"Pileated Woodpecker","scientific":"Dryocopus pileatus","family":"Picidae (woodpeckers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Pileated_woodpecker","idTips":"Crow-sized black woodpecker with a flaming red crest, bold white stripes on the face and neck, and white wing linings in flight.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}-area woodlands, {bayou} forests and larger parks.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Mature forests, bottomlands and large wooded parks","diet":"Mostly carpenter ants and beetle larvae, plus wild fruit.","dietShort":"Carpenter ants and beetle larvae","facts":["It is the largest woodpecker in {place}, about the size of a crow.","It chisels distinctive rectangular holes in trees.","Its old nest holes are used by owls, ducks and other wildlife.","Its loud, wild 'wuk-wuk-wuk' call rings through bottomland forests."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"32a":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -31c -27h -25i -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"red-shouldered-hawk","name":"Red-shouldered Hawk","scientific":"Buteo lineatus","family":"Accipitridae (hawks and eagles)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Red-shouldered_hawk","idTips":"Medium hawk with a rusty-orange barred breast, black-and-white checkered wings and a boldly black-and-white banded tail. Translucent crescents show near the wingtips in flight.","timing":"Present year-round and {place}'s most common neighborhood hawk.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Wooded neighborhoods, {bayou}s and bottomland forests","diet":"Small mammals, frogs, snakes, lizards and crayfish.","dietShort":"Rodents, frogs, snakes and crayfish","facts":["Its loud 'kee-ah, kee-ah' call is often copied by Blue Jays.","Pairs often reuse the same nest for years.","It hunts by watching quietly from low perches.","It thrives in wooded {place} neighborhoods."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"25i":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -24f -24b -23a"},{"id":"great-horned-owl","name":"Great Horned Owl","scientific":"Bubo virginianus","family":"Strigidae (typical owls)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Great_horned_owl","idTips":"Large, bulky owl with prominent ear tufts, yellow eyes, a white throat patch and mottled gray-brown plumage with fine barring.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. It is one of the earliest nesting birds and often lays eggs in December or January.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Woodlands, parks, open country and suburbs","diet":"Rabbits, rodents, birds (including other owls), skunks and snakes.","dietShort":"Rabbits, rodents, birds and skunks","facts":["Its 'horns' are just feather tufts, not ears.","It nests in winter, earlier than almost any other Texas bird.","It is one of the few predators that regularly eats skunks.","Its deep, soft hooting is the classic owl call heard in movies."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"barred-owl","name":"Barred Owl","scientific":"Strix varia","family":"Strigidae (typical owls)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Barred_owl","idTips":"Large, round-headed owl with no ear tufts, dark brown eyes, horizontal bars on the upper chest and vertical streaks on the belly.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}'s wooded {bayou}s, bottomlands and large parks.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Bottomland forests, swamps and wooded {bayou}s","diet":"Rodents, frogs, crayfish, snakes and birds.","dietShort":"Rodents, frogs and crayfish","facts":["Its call sounds like 'Who cooks for you? Who cooks for you-all?'","It has dark brown eyes, unlike most owls' yellow eyes.","It is sometimes active and calling during the day.","It often hunts crayfish in shallow water."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"27h":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -25i -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"eastern-screech-owl","name":"Eastern Screech-Owl","scientific":"Megascops asio","family":"Strigidae (typical owls)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Eastern_screech_owl","idTips":"Small owl with ear tufts and yellow eyes. It comes in gray or rusty-red forms with bark-like patterning.","timing":"Present year-round in {place} yards and parks.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Neighborhoods, parks and woodlands with tree cavities","diet":"Insects, rodents, small birds, lizards and earthworms.","dietShort":"Insects, rodents and small birds","facts":["It doesn't screech. It gives a descending whinny and a long trill.","It readily uses nest boxes in backyards.","It comes in gray and red color forms.","Pairs sometimes keep live blind snakes in the nest, which may help control insects there."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -24f -24b -23a"},{"id":"great-blue-heron","name":"Great Blue Heron","scientific":"Ardea herodias","family":"Ardeidae (herons and egrets)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Great_blue_heron","idTips":"Very tall blue-gray heron with long legs, an S-curved neck, a dagger-like yellowish bill and a white face with a black stripe over the eye.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, with more arriving in winter.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Bayous, ponds, marshes and the coast","diet":"Fish, frogs, snakes, crayfish and even small mammals.","dietShort":"Fish, frogs and crayfish","facts":["It is the largest heron in North America.","It flies with its neck tucked in an S-shape.","It nests in colonies called rookeries.","It can swallow fish much wider than its neck."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"great-egret","name":"Great Egret","scientific":"Ardea alba","family":"Ardeidae (herons and egrets)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Great_egret","idTips":"Tall, all-white heron with a yellow bill and black legs and feet.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. It nests in colonies in spring and summer.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Bayous, wetlands, ponds and coastal marshes","diet":"Fish, frogs, crayfish and other small animals.","dietShort":"Fish and frogs","facts":["It was hunted nearly to extinction for its plumes, which were used on hats.","It is the symbol of the National Audubon Society.","Its breeding plumes are called aigrettes.","It nests at the High Island rookery on the Bolivar Peninsula."],"factRefs":{"3":[{"label":"Wikipedia: High Island, Texas","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Island,_Texas"}]},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"snowy-egret","name":"Snowy Egret","scientific":"Egretta thula","family":"Ardeidae (herons and egrets)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Snowy_egret","idTips":"Smaller white heron with a slim black bill, black legs and bright yellow feet, nicknamed 'golden slippers.'","timing":"Present year-round along the Upper Texas Coast and in {place} wetlands.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Marshes, shorelines and {bayou}s","diet":"Small fish, shrimp, crayfish and insects. It often stirs up prey with its yellow feet.","dietShort":"Small fish and shrimp","facts":["Its bright yellow feet are nicknamed 'golden slippers.'","It shuffles its feet in the water to stir up prey.","Its plumes were once worth more than gold by weight.","Protection laws such as the Migratory Bird Treaty Act helped it recover."],"regional":{"35a":{"level":2}},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -33e -24b -23a"},{"id":"roseate-spoonbill","name":"Roseate Spoonbill","scientific":"Platalea ajaja","family":"Threskiornithidae (ibises and spoonbills)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Roseate_spoonbill","idTips":"Bright pink wading bird with a flat, spoon-shaped bill and a bare greenish head.","timing":"Present year-round on the Upper Texas Coast, with the most birds in spring and summer during nesting.","timingShort":"Year-round, most common in summer","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Coastal marshes, wetlands and rice fields","diet":"Small fish, shrimp and aquatic insects, caught by sweeping its bill side to side.","dietShort":"Shrimp and small fish","facts":["Its pink color comes from carotenoids in the crustaceans it eats.","It feeds by sweeping its open spoon-shaped bill through the water.","It nests at the famous High Island rookery.","Like egrets, it was hunted for its feathers in the 1800s."],"range":"COAST 35b 35f","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"32a":{"level":2},"32c":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2},"29d":{"level":2},"31c":{"level":2}}},{"id":"white-ibis","name":"White Ibis","scientific":"Eudocimus albus","family":"Threskiornithidae (ibises and spoonbills)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"American_white_ibis","idTips":"White wading bird with a long, down-curved red-pink bill, bare red face and pink legs. Black wingtips show in flight. Young birds are brown and white.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, often probing lawns and {bayou}s.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Wetlands, {bayou}s, lawns and ditches","diet":"Crayfish, insects and small aquatic animals, found by probing mud.","dietShort":"Crayfish and insects","facts":["It finds prey by touch, probing mud with its curved bill.","It often probes wet lawns after rain.","Crayfish are a favorite food.","It flies in long lines or V-formations."],"regional":{"35a":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2},"29d":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2},"25i":{"level":2}},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -33e -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"anhinga","name":"Anhinga","scientific":"Anhinga anhinga","family":"Anhingidae (darters)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Anhinga","idTips":"Long, snaky neck and sharp, pointed bill. Males are glossy black with silvery-white wing patches. Females have a tan head and neck. It often perches with its wings spread to dry.","timing":"Present year-round in the {place} area, with more birds in spring and summer.","timingShort":"Year-round, most common in summer","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Freshwater lakes, swamps and {bayou}s","diet":"Fish, which it spears underwater with its sharp bill.","dietShort":"Fish (speared underwater)","facts":["It is nicknamed 'snakebird' because it swims with only its neck above water.","It spears fish with its bill instead of grabbing them.","Its feathers aren't waterproof, so it spreads its wings to dry.","Brazos Bend State Park is a great place to see it."],"regional":{"35a":{"level":2},"33b":{"level":2},"32a":{"level":2},"32b":{"level":2},"32c":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2},"29d":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2}},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -33e -25i -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"brown-pelican","name":"Brown Pelican","scientific":"Pelecanus occidentalis","family":"Pelecanidae (pelicans)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"recovered","wiki":"Brown_pelican","idTips":"Large gray-brown pelican with a huge bill and throat pouch. Adults have a white or yellowish head. It dives headfirst into the water from the air.","timing":"Present year-round along Galveston Bay and the Gulf Coast.","timingShort":"Year-round coastal resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Coast, bays and beaches","diet":"Fish such as menhaden, caught by plunge-diving.","dietShort":"Fish (plunge-diving)","facts":["The pesticide DDT nearly wiped it out on the Texas coast.","It was removed from the Endangered Species List in 2009 after a remarkable recovery.","It is one of only two pelicans that dive for fish, and the only one that plunges from high in the air.","Its throat pouch can hold about 3 gallons of water."],"range":"COAST","factRefs":{"1":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Brown pelican","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_pelican"}],"2":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Brown pelican","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_pelican"},{"label":"Wikipedia: Peruvian pelican","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_pelican"}]},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"32a":{"level":2},"32b":{"level":2},"30c":{"level":2},"31c":{"level":2}}},{"id":"laughing-gull","name":"Laughing Gull","scientific":"Leucophaeus atricilla","family":"Laridae (gulls and terns)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Laughing_gull","idTips":"Medium gull with a dark gray back and black wingtips. In summer it has a black hood and dark red bill. In winter the hood fades to gray smudges.","timing":"Present year-round along the Upper Texas Coast. It is the most common gull in summer.","timingShort":"Year-round coastal resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Beaches, bays, parking lots and the Galveston ferry","diet":"Fish, crabs, insects and human food scraps.","dietShort":"Fish, crabs and scraps","facts":["Its call sounds like laughter.","It follows the Galveston–Bolivar ferry for handouts.","Its black hood appears only in breeding season.","It was hunted heavily for feathers and eggs in the 1800s."],"range":"COAST","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"32a":{"level":2},"32c":{"level":2},"29d":{"level":2}}},{"id":"black-vulture","name":"Black Vulture","scientific":"Coragyps atratus","family":"Cathartidae (New World vultures)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Black_vulture","idTips":"All-black vulture with a bare, wrinkled gray head, short tail and white patches at the wingtips in flight. It flaps more often than a Turkey Vulture.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Open country, roadsides and the sky over the city","diet":"Carrion. It often follows Turkey Vultures to carcasses.","dietShort":"Carrion","facts":["It has a weak sense of smell, so it follows Turkey Vultures to food.","It cools off by urinating on its legs.","Family groups roost and feed together.","It has no voice box and can only hiss and grunt."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -25i -24f -23a"},{"id":"turkey-vulture","name":"Turkey Vulture","scientific":"Cathartes aura","alsoResidency":["migrant"],"family":"Cathartidae (New World vultures)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Turkey_vulture","idTips":"Large dark bird with a bare red head and two-toned wings, black in front and silvery-gray at the back. It soars with its wings held in a shallow V and rocks unsteadily.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. Large migrating flocks pass through in fall.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Open country, roadsides and the sky over the city","diet":"Carrion, found by smell.","dietShort":"Carrion (found by smell)","facts":["It can smell carrion from great distances, which is rare among birds.","Gas companies once used it to find pipeline leaks.","Its stomach acid kills dangerous bacteria like anthrax.","It soars with its wings held in a tilted V."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"killdeer","name":"Killdeer","scientific":"Charadrius vociferus","family":"Charadriidae (plovers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"near-threatened","wiki":"Killdeer","idTips":"Plover with brown upperparts, white underparts, two black breast bands and an orange rump in flight.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Fields, parking lots, ball fields and gravel roofs","diet":"Insects and other invertebrates.","dietShort":"Insects and worms","facts":["It fakes a broken wing to lure predators away from its nest.","Its name comes from its shrill 'kill-deer' call.","It nests right on bare ground or gravel.","Its chicks can run within hours of hatching."],"conservationNote":"Uplisted on the IUCN Red List (BirdLife International, 2024)","refs":[{"label":"IUCN Red List (via iNaturalist conservation status)","url":"https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=Charadrius%20vociferus&searchType=species"}],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"black-bellied-whistling-duck","name":"Black-bellied Whistling-Duck","scientific":"Dendrocygna autumnalis","family":"Anatidae (ducks and geese)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Black-bellied_whistling_duck","idTips":"Long-legged, long-necked duck with a bright pink-red bill, gray face, chestnut body, black belly and bold white wing stripes in flight.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, with the most birds in spring and summer.","timingShort":"Year-round, most common in summer","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Ponds, retention ponds, rice fields and parks","diet":"Seeds, grain and aquatic plants.","dietShort":"Seeds and grain","facts":["It whistles instead of quacking.","It nests in tree cavities and nest boxes.","It often perches in trees and on rooftops.","It spread rapidly into the {place} area in recent decades."],"regional":{"35a":{"level":2}},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -24b -23a"},{"id":"mottled-duck","name":"Mottled Duck","scientific":"Anas fulvigula","family":"Anatidae (ducks and geese)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"declining","wiki":"Mottled_duck","idTips":"Mallard-like brown duck that is darker and warmer brown than a female mallard. It has a plain buffy head, an unmarked yellow bill in males, and a teal-blue wing patch without white borders.","timing":"Present year-round on the Upper Texas Coast. It is one of the few ducks that nests here.","timingShort":"Year-round coastal resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Coastal marshes, prairie wetlands and ditches","diet":"Seeds, aquatic plants, snails and insects.","dietShort":"Seeds, plants and snails","facts":["It is one of the few ducks that lives year-round on the Texas coast.","Texas coastal populations have declined from loss of coastal marsh habitat.","It closely resembles a female Mallard.","Interbreeding with Mallards threatens it."],"range":"COAST","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"red-winged-blackbird","name":"Red-winged Blackbird","scientific":"Agelaius phoeniceus","dimorphic":true,"family":"Icteridae (blackbirds)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Red-winged_blackbird","idTips":"Males are glossy black with red-and-yellow shoulder patches. Females are streaky brown, like a large sparrow.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}, with big flocks in winter.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Marshes, ditches, wet fields and ponds","diet":"Insects in summer, seeds and grain in winter.","dietShort":"Insects and seeds","facts":["Its song sounds like 'conk-la-reeee!'","Males can have several mates on one territory.","It is one of the most abundant birds in North America.","Males fiercely chase hawks and people from their nests."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"great-tailed-grackle","name":"Great-tailed Grackle","scientific":"Quiscalus mexicanus","dimorphic":true,"family":"Icteridae (blackbirds)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Great-tailed_grackle","idTips":"Males are large, glossy iridescent black-purple birds with yellow eyes and a huge, keel-shaped tail. Females are smaller and brown.","timing":"Present year-round in {place}. Huge flocks roost noisily in parking lot trees.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Parking lots, cities, fields and marshes","diet":"Nearly anything, including insects, seeds, fruit, lizards, eggs and french fries.","dietShort":"Nearly anything","facts":["Its huge, noisy flocks gather in shopping center parking lot trees at dusk.","Its range has expanded rapidly northward with agriculture and cities.","Males fold their tail into a V-shaped keel.","It makes a remarkable variety of whistles, clicks and squeaks."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","range":"ALL -23a"},{"id":"eastern-bluebird","name":"Eastern Bluebird","scientific":"Sialia sialis","dimorphic":true,"family":"Turdidae (thrushes)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Eastern_bluebird","imageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Sialia_sialis_male_Pennington_NJ.jpg/960px-Sialia_sialis_male_Pennington_NJ.jpg","photoCredit":"Nathan Siemers, via Wikimedia Commons","idTips":"Small thrush. Males are bright blue above with a rusty-orange throat and breast and a white belly. Females are grayer with a blue tinge on the wings and tail.","timing":"Present year-round in the {place} area, especially in open country, parks and golf courses.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Open fields, pastures, parks and golf courses","diet":"Insects in summer and berries in winter, such as yaupon, poison ivy and hackberry.","dietShort":"Insects and berries","facts":["Nest box 'bluebird trails' helped it recover from steep declines.","European Starlings and House Sparrows compete with it for nest holes.","It drops from perches to catch insects on the ground.","It can spot tiny insects from about 60 feet away."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2}}},{"id":"pine-warbler","name":"Pine Warbler","scientific":"Setophaga pinus","alsoResidency":["winter"],"family":"Parulidae (New World warblers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Pine_warbler","idTips":"Plain, olive-yellow warbler with a yellow throat and breast, faint streaks on the sides, and two white wing bars.","timing":"Present year-round in pine forests north of {place}, with more birds spreading around the city in winter.","timingShort":"Year-round resident in pines","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Pine forests and yards with pines","diet":"Insects and pine seeds. It is one of the few warblers that eats seeds and visits feeders.","dietShort":"Insects and pine seeds","facts":["It is one of the only warblers that regularly eats seeds.","It lives almost exclusively in pine trees.","Its song is a musical trill.","It stays in the U.S. year-round rather than migrating to the tropics."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"34b":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2},"25i":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -24f -24b -26c -23a"},{"id":"brown-headed-nuthatch","name":"Brown-headed Nuthatch","scientific":"Sitta pusilla","family":"Sittidae (nuthatches)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Brown-headed_nuthatch","idTips":"Tiny, short-tailed bird with a brown cap, a white spot on the nape, a gray-blue back and buffy underparts. It creeps along pine bark and branches.","timing":"Present year-round in Piney Woods pine forests, such as W.G. Jones State Forest in Conroe.","timingShort":"Year-round resident in pines","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Mature pine forests","diet":"Insects and pine seeds.","dietShort":"Insects and pine seeds","facts":["Its call sounds like a squeaky rubber duck.","It is one of the few birds known to use tools. It pries bark with a flake of bark.","It depends on mature, open pine forests maintained by fire.","It sometimes has helpers at the nest, usually its own grown offspring."],"range":"PINEY 33e 34a","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"red-cockaded-woodpecker","name":"Red-cockaded Woodpecker","scientific":"Dryobates borealis","family":"Picidae (woodpeckers)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"threatened","wiki":"Red-cockaded_woodpecker","imageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Red-cockaded_woodpecker_palmetto_peartree_preserve_10.5.24_DSC_0114-topaz-rawdenoise.jpg/960px-Red-cockaded_woodpecker_palmetto_peartree_preserve_10.5.24_DSC_0114-topaz-rawdenoise.jpg","photoCredit":"Palmetto Peartree Preserve, via Wikimedia Commons","idTips":"Small black-and-white woodpecker with a ladder-barred back, a black cap and nape, and a large white cheek patch. The male's red 'cockade' is a tiny streak behind the eye that is rarely visible.","timing":"Present year-round in mature pine forests such as Sam Houston National Forest and W.G. Jones State Forest in Conroe.","timingShort":"Year-round resident in old pine forests","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Old-growth, fire-maintained pine forests","diet":"Ants, beetles and other insects found under pine bark.","dietShort":"Insects under pine bark","facts":["It is the only North American woodpecker that excavates nest holes in living pines.","It drills small wells around its nest hole so sticky sap flows and deters rat snakes.","It was downlisted from Endangered to Threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 2024.","Family groups include 'helper' birds, usually grown sons, that help raise the young."],"range":"PINEY 33e","factRefs":{"2":[{"label":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: Red-cockaded woodpecker","url":"https://www.fws.gov/species/red-cockaded-woodpecker-dryobates-borealis"}]},"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"attwaters-prairie-chicken","name":"Attwater's Prairie-Chicken","scientific":"Tympanuchus cupido attwateri","family":"Phasianidae (grouse and pheasants)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"endangered","wiki":"Attwater's_prairie_chicken","allAboutBirds":"Greater_Prairie-Chicken","idTips":"Chicken-like grouse with heavy brown-and-white barring. Males have orange air sacs on the neck and long, dark 'ear' feathers called pinnae that they raise during courtship displays.","timing":"Present year-round in coastal prairie at Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge near Eagle Lake and The Nature Conservancy's Texas City Prairie Preserve.","timingShort":"Year-round; very rare","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Native coastal tallgrass prairie","diet":"Leaves, seeds and insects. Young chicks depend on insects.","dietShort":"Plants, seeds and insects","facts":["It is one of the most endangered birds in North America.","Fewer than about 1% of its original coastal prairie habitat remains.","Males 'boom' on display grounds called leks, inflating their orange neck sacs.","Zoos, including the Houston Zoo, raise birds for release into the wild."],"range":"34b 34c 34h","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS"},{"id":"bald-eagle","name":"Bald Eagle","scientific":"Haliaeetus leucocephalus","alsoResidency":["winter"],"family":"Accipitridae (hawks and eagles)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"recovered","wiki":"Bald_eagle","idTips":"Huge dark-brown raptor with a white head and tail and a massive yellow bill. Young birds are mottled brown and white for about five years.","timing":"Present year-round in small numbers around {place}-area lakes and reservoirs. It nests in winter and is easiest to see from fall through spring.","timingShort":"Year-round, nests in winter","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Lakes, reservoirs, rivers and the coast","diet":"Fish, waterfowl and carrion. It also steals fish from Ospreys.","dietShort":"Fish and waterfowl","facts":["It was removed from the Endangered Species List in 2007 after the pesticide DDT was banned.","In Texas it nests in winter, unlike northern eagles.","It often steals fish from Ospreys.","Its nests can weigh more than a ton."],"timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","regional":{"31c":{"level":2},"27h":{"level":2}},"range":"ALL -24f -23a"},{"id":"greater-roadrunner","name":"Greater Roadrunner","scientific":"Geococcyx californianus","level":1,"range":"POST BLACK CROSS EDW STX ROLL 25i 24b 24f 26c 23a","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","family":"Cuculidae (cuckoos and roadrunners)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Greater_roadrunner","idTips":"A big, streaky brown-and-white ground bird nearly 2 feet long, with a shaggy crest, a long tail held up at an angle, a long heavy bill and a bare blue-and-orange patch behind the eye. It runs instead of flying.","timing":"Present year-round around {place} in open brushy country.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Open brush, pastures, savanna and edges of towns","diet":"Lizards, snakes, insects, mice and small birds.","dietShort":"Lizards and insects","facts":["It can run about 20 miles per hour.","It is one of the few animals that hunts and eats rattlesnakes.","It suns itself in the morning by raising its back feathers to expose dark skin.","It is a member of the cuckoo family."],"refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Greater roadrunner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_roadrunner"},{"label":"All About Birds: Greater Roadrunner","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Greater_Roadrunner"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Greater roadrunner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_roadrunner"},{"label":"All About Birds: Greater Roadrunner","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Greater_Roadrunner"}],"1":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Greater roadrunner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_roadrunner"},{"label":"All About Birds: Greater Roadrunner","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Greater_Roadrunner"}],"2":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Greater roadrunner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_roadrunner"},{"label":"All About Birds: Greater Roadrunner","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Greater_Roadrunner"}],"3":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Greater roadrunner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_roadrunner"},{"label":"All About Birds: Greater Roadrunner","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Greater_Roadrunner"}]}},{"id":"wild-turkey","name":"Wild Turkey","scientific":"Meleagris gallopavo","level":2,"range":"POST BLACK CROSS EDW STX ROLL 35a 25i 24b 26c 23a","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","dimorphic":true,"family":"Phasianidae (turkeys and pheasants)","residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Wild_turkey","idTips":"A huge, dark, bronze-iridescent ground bird. Males (toms) have a bare blue-and-red head, a red wattle, a hair-like 'beard' on the chest and fan their tails in display; females are smaller and duller.","timing":"Present year-round around {place} in woods and pastures.","timingShort":"Year-round resident","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"habitat":"Oak woodlands, savanna, pastures and river bottoms","diet":"Acorns, seeds, berries, insects and small lizards.","dietShort":"Acorns, seeds and insects","facts":["Males gobble loudly in spring to attract hens.","It roosts high in trees at night.","Despite its size, it can fly short distances at high speed.","Restocking programs brought it back after it nearly vanished from much of its range."],"refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Wild turkey","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_turkey"},{"label":"All About Birds: Wild Turkey","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Wild_Turkey"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Wild turkey","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_turkey"},{"label":"All About Birds: Wild Turkey","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Wild_Turkey"}],"1":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Wild turkey","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_turkey"},{"label":"All About Birds: Wild Turkey","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Wild_Turkey"}],"2":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Wild turkey","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_turkey"},{"label":"All About Birds: Wild Turkey","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Wild_Turkey"}],"3":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Wild turkey","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_turkey"},{"label":"All About Birds: Wild Turkey","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Wild_Turkey"}]},"regional":{"32b":{"level":1},"30c":{"level":1},"31c":{"level":1},"27h":{"level":1},"25i":{"level":1}}},{"id":"great-kiskadee","name":"Great Kiskadee","scientific":"Pitangus sulphuratus","range":"SCP RGV STX LAGUNA","family":"Tyrannidae (tyrant flycatchers)","wiki":"Great_kiskadee","idTips":"A big, loud flycatcher with a bright yellow belly, rufous wings and tail, and a bold black-and-white striped head with a hidden yellow crown patch. Heavy black bill.","timing":"Present year-round around {place}, usually near water.","habitat":"Wooded creeks, ponds, parks and neighborhoods near water","diet":"Insects, small fish, frogs, lizards and fruit.","dietShort":"Insects, fish and fruit","facts":["It is named for its loud call, which sounds like 'kis-ka-dee!'","It dives into water like a kingfisher to catch small fish.","Its range has been spreading north along the Texas coast in recent decades.","It builds a large, domed nest with a side entrance."],"residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"timingShort":"Year-round resident","refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_kiskadee"},{"label":"All About Birds: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Kiskadee"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"All About Birds: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Kiskadee"}],"1":[{"label":"All About Birds: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Kiskadee"}],"2":[{"label":"All About Birds: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Kiskadee"}],"3":[{"label":"All About Birds: Great Kiskadee","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Kiskadee"}]}},{"id":"golden-fronted-woodpecker","name":"Golden-fronted Woodpecker","scientific":"Melanerpes aurifrons","range":"SCP RGV STX EDW CROSS ROLL 32a 25i 24b 26c","family":"Picidae (woodpeckers)","wiki":"Golden-fronted_woodpecker","idTips":"A zebra-backed woodpecker with plain tan underparts, a yellow-orange nape and a yellow patch above the bill. Males also have a small red crown. Like the Red-bellied Woodpecker, but with gold instead of red on the nape.","timing":"Present year-round around {place} in mesquite, oaks and towns.","habitat":"Mesquite brush, oak mottes, river woods and neighborhoods","diet":"Insects, acorns, nuts and fruit, including cactus fruit.","dietShort":"Insects, nuts and fruit","facts":["It often stains its face purple eating prickly pear fruit.","It replaces the Red-bellied Woodpecker in much of South and Central Texas.","It often drills nest holes in utility poles and fence posts.","It stores nuts and acorns in crevices."],"residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"timingShort":"Year-round resident","refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden-fronted_woodpecker"},{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-fronted_Woodpecker"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-fronted_Woodpecker"}],"1":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-fronted_Woodpecker"}],"2":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-fronted_Woodpecker"}],"3":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-fronted Woodpecker","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-fronted_Woodpecker"}]}},{"id":"green-jay","name":"Green Jay","scientific":"Cyanocorax yncas","range":"SCP RGV STX","family":"Corvidae (crows and jays)","wiki":"Green_jay","idTips":"A brilliant jay with a green back and tail, yellow outer tail feathers and belly, a black bib and a blue-and-violet head. Unmistakable in Texas.","timing":"Present year-round around {place} in thick brush and woods.","habitat":"Dense brush, thorn scrub, river woods and feeders","diet":"Insects, seeds, fruit and small vertebrates.","dietShort":"Insects, seeds and fruit","facts":["In the United States it lives only in South Texas.","It travels in noisy family flocks.","Young from earlier broods sometimes help their parents raise new chicks.","It makes a wide range of calls, including rattles and harsh scolds."],"residency":"year-round","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW CROSS STX ROLL HIGH TRANS","months":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"timingShort":"Year-round resident","refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Green Jay","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_jay"},{"label":"All About Birds: Green Jay","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Green_Jay"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"All About Birds: Green Jay","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Green_Jay"}],"1":[{"label":"All About Birds: Green Jay","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Green_Jay"}],"2":[{"label":"All About Birds: Green Jay","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Green_Jay"}],"3":[{"label":"All About Birds: Green Jay","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Green_Jay"}]}},{"id":"golden-cheeked-warbler","name":"Golden-cheeked Warbler","scientific":"Setophaga chrysoparia","range":"30a 30c -STX -ROLL -HIGH -TRANS","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW","family":"Parulidae (New World warblers)","residency":"summer","origin":"native","conservation":"endangered","conservationNote":"Federally listed as endangered since 1990 because of the loss of mature Ashe juniper–oak woodland.","wiki":"Golden-cheeked_warbler","dimorphic":true,"idTips":"A small warbler with bright golden-yellow cheeks, a black line through the eye, a black throat (males) or pale throat (females), black-streaked white sides and a white belly.","timing":"A summer resident in {place}'s juniper-oak canyons from March to July.","timingShort":"Summer resident, Mar–Jul","months":[3,4,5,6,7],"habitat":"Mature Ashe juniper and oak woodland in Hill Country canyons","diet":"Caterpillars, spiders and other insects gleaned from oaks.","dietShort":"Insects","facts":["It is the only bird that nests only in Texas.","It builds its nest from strips of bark peeled from mature Ashe junipers.","It spends winters in the pine-oak forests of Central America.","It is federally listed as endangered."],"refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden-cheeked_warbler"},{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-cheeked_Warbler"},{"label":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: Golden-cheeked warbler","url":"https://www.fws.gov/species/golden-cheeked-warbler-setophaga-chrysoparia"}],"factRefs":{"0":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-cheeked_Warbler"}],"1":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-cheeked_Warbler"}],"2":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-cheeked_Warbler"}],"3":[{"label":"All About Birds: Golden-cheeked Warbler","url":"https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Golden-cheeked_Warbler"}]},"regional":{"CROSS":{"months":[3,4,5,6,7]}}},{"id":"black-chinned-hummingbird","name":"Black-chinned Hummingbird","scientific":"Archilochus alexandri","range":"EDW STX CROSS ROLL TRANS HIGH 32a 32c","timingIn":"35a 35c 35g POST BLACK 34b EDW","family":"Trochilidae (hummingbirds)","residency":"summer","origin":"native","conservation":"least-concern","wiki":"Black-chinned_hummingbird","dimorphic":true,"idTips":"A small, slender hummingbird with a green back. Males have a black chin with a thin purple band below it that flashes in good light; females are plain whitish below. It pumps its tail while hovering.","timing":"A summer resident around {place} from about March to September.","timingShort":"Summer resident, Mar–Sep","months":[3,4,5,6,7,8,9],"habitat":"Canyons, creeks, towns and gardens with flowers and feeders","diet":"Nectar, plus tiny insects and spiders.","dietShort":"Nectar and insects","facts":["Its purple throat band looks black unless light hits it just right.","It is the most common breeding hummingbird in the Hill Country.","It often perches on the tip of a bare twig between feeding trips.","Its nest is a tiny cup of plant down bound with spider silk."],"refs":[{"label":"Wikipedia: Black-chinned Hummingbird","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-chinned_hummingbird"},{"label":"All About Birds: B